Large Rarely Occurring Fibromatous Epulis in a Snake Antivenom Producing Horse

large rarely occurring fibromatous epulis in a snake antivenom producing horse

epulis is a benign neoplasms of the oral cavity, derived from the periodontal ligament or connective tissue, occur commonly in dogs and rare in cats. however, it is very rare in horse. the tumor can be very large to interfere with normal mastication. several forms of epulides can histologically be distinguished in dogs. fibromatous epulis microscopically characterized by a dense well vasculariz...

Prognosis of Hepatic Amyloidosis Status and Insufficiency in Snake Antivenom Producing Horses

Hyperimmunization of horses with specific antigens to harvest antisera is associated with high incidence of liver amyloidosis. The histopathologic examination is the gold standard method for diagnosis of the hepatic amyloidosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the clinical manifestations and serum values of appropriate chemical constituents due to liver injury, provide the...

Use of Snake Antivenom and Clinical Outcomes in Snake Envenomation: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Penang, Malaysia

Cross Neutralization of Afro-Asian Cobra and Asian Krait Venoms by a Thai Polyvalent Snake Antivenom (Neuro Polyvalent Snake Antivenom)

BACKGROUND Snake envenomation is a serious public health threat in the rural areas of Asian and African countries. To date, the only proven treatment for snake envenomation is antivenom therapy. Cross-neutralization of heterologous venoms by antivenom raised against venoms of closely related species has been reported. The present study examined the cross neutralizing potential of a newly develo...

Progress and improvement of the manufacturing process of snake antivenom

Antivenoms have been used successfully for more than a century and up to now constitute the only effective treatment for snakebites .The production of antivenin started long time ago when the calmette was prepared the antivenom in 1894.The method currently used to prepare antivenom by most of the manufacturers are originated from the method of Pope which was develop in 1938. Several new approac...

CORAL SNAKE ANTIVENOM PRODUCED IN CHICKENS (Gallus domesticus)

The production of anti-snake venom from large mammal's blood has been found to be low-yielding and arduous, consequently, antivenom immunoglobulins for treatment are achieved regularly as polyvalent serum. We have standardized an undemanding technique for making purified immunoglobulin IgY antivenom consisting of polyclonal antibodies against coral snake venom in the egg yolk of immunized hens....